A Break in the Causes of Broken Bones?

Newswise — Artificial intelligence that can “read” electronic radiology reports and flag patients with broken bones who are at risk of osteoporosis outperformed the traditional manual method of health care professionals reading X-ray reports, a new study finds. The results were accepted for presentation at ENDO 2020, the Endocrine Society’s annual meeting, and will be published in a special supplemental section of the Journal of the Endocrine Society.

The new search tool, called X-Ray Artificial Intelligence Tool (XRAIT), detected an almost fivefold higher number of major fractures, or bone breaks, in X-ray and computed tomography (CT) reports compared with manual methods, researchers from Australia reported.

“With XRAIT, limited health care resources can be optimized to manage the patients identified as at risk rather than used on the identification process itself,” said study co-investigator Jacqueline Center, M.B.B.S., Ph.D., F.R.A.C.P. Center is head of the Clinical Studies and Epidemiology Lab at Garvan Institute of Medical Research in Sydney, Australia. “By improving identification of patients needing osteoporosis treatment or prevention, XRAIT may help reduce the risk of a second fracture and the overall burden of illness and death from osteoporosis.”

About 44 million Americans—mostly women—are at risk of the bone-weakening disease osteoporosis and have an increased risk of fractures because of low bone mass, according to the Hormone Health Network. Only 2 in 10 older women in the United States who sustain a fracture receive testing or treatment for osteoporosis, the National Osteoporosis Foundation reports.

Although many hospitals have implemented fracture liaison services to identify patients whose fractures could be due to osteoporosis, Center said that manually reading the radiology records of referred patients misses some people at risk of osteoporosis or detects them too slowly.

 

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